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Kupanga zinthu zatsopano, kutchuka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wopanga mphamvu ya haidrojeni -- phunziro la Ally Hi-Tech

Ulalo Woyambirira:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/--dP1UU_LS4zg3ELdHr-Sw
Chidziwitso cha Mkonzi: Nkhaniyi idasindikizidwa koyamba ndi akaunti yovomerezeka ya Wechat: China Thinktank

Pa 23 Marichi, National Development and Reform Commission ndi National Energy Administration of China adapereka pamodzi dongosolo lapakati ndi lalitali la chitukuko cha mafakitale a mphamvu ya haidrojeni (2021-2035) (lomwe lidzatchedwa dongosololi), lomwe lidafotokoza mphamvu ya haidrojeni ndipo lidanenanso kuti mphamvu ya haidrojeni ndi gawo lofunikira la dongosolo lamphamvu la dziko lamtsogolo komanso njira yofunika kwambiri ya mafakitale atsopano. Galimoto yamafuta ndiye gawo lotsogola pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya haidrojeni komanso kupita patsogolo kwa chitukuko cha mafakitale ku China.

Mu 2021, motsogozedwa ndi ndondomeko ya dziko lonse yowonetsera magalimoto amafuta ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, magulu asanu amizinda ya Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanghai, Guangdong, Hebei ndi Henan adayambitsidwa motsatizana, chiwonetsero chachikulu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto 10000 amafuta adayamba kuyambitsidwa, ndipo chitukuko cha makampani opanga mphamvu ya haidrojeni chotsogozedwa ndi chiwonetsero ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amafuta chagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Nthawi yomweyo, pakhala kupita patsogolo pakugwiritsa ntchito ndi kufufuza mphamvu ya haidrojeni m'magawo omwe si oyendera monga chitsulo, makampani opanga mankhwala ndi zomangamanga. M'tsogolomu, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya haidrojeni m'njira zosiyanasiyana kudzabweretsa kufunikira kwakukulu kwa haidrojeni. Malinga ndi zomwe China Hydrogen Energy Alliance inaneneratu, pofika chaka cha 2030, kufunikira kwa haidrojeni ku China kudzafika matani 35 miliyoni, ndipo mphamvu ya haidrojeni idzakhala osachepera 5% ya mphamvu ya China; Pofika chaka cha 2050, kufunikira kwa haidrojeni kudzakhala pafupifupi matani 60 miliyoni, mphamvu ya haidrojeni idzakhala yoposa 10% ya mphamvu ya China, ndipo phindu la pachaka la unyolo wa mafakitale lidzafika mayuan 12 thililiyoni.

Poganizira za chitukuko cha mafakitale, makampani opanga mphamvu za haidrojeni ku China akadali pachiyambi cha chitukuko. Pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za haidrojeni, kuwonetsa ndi kukweza, kupezeka kosakwanira komanso mtengo wokwera wa haidrojeni pa mphamvu nthawi zonse kwakhala vuto lovuta lomwe likulepheretsa chitukuko cha makampani opanga mphamvu za haidrojeni ku China. Monga cholumikizira chachikulu cha kupezeka kwa haidrojeni, mavuto a mtengo wapamwamba wakale wa fakitale komanso mtengo wokwera wosungira ndi mayendedwe a haidrojeni yamagalimoto akadali odziwika.
Chifukwa chake, China ikufunika mwachangu kufulumizitsa luso latsopano, kufalitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wotsika mtengo wopanga hydrogen, kukonza chuma cha kugwiritsa ntchito ziwonetsero mwa kuchepetsa mtengo wopereka mphamvu ya hydrogen, kuthandizira kugwiritsa ntchito ziwonetsero zazikulu zamagalimoto amafuta, kenako ndikuyendetsa chitukuko cha makampani onse opanga mphamvu ya hydrogen.

Mtengo Wokwera wa Hydrogen ndi Vuto Lalikulu Pakukula kwa Makampani Opanga Mphamvu za Hydrogen ku China
China ndi dziko lalikulu lomwe limapanga haidrojeni. Kupanga haidrojeni kumagawidwa m'mafakitale a petrochemical, mankhwala, kuphika ndi mafakitale ena. Hydrojeni yambiri yomwe imapangidwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zapakatikati zoyengera mafuta, ammonia yopangidwa, methanol ndi mankhwala ena. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za China Hydrogen Energy Alliance, kupanga haidrojeni komwe kukuchitika ku China ndi pafupifupi matani 33 miliyoni, makamaka kuchokera ku malasha, gasi wachilengedwe ndi mphamvu zina zakale komanso kuyeretsa gasi kuchokera ku mafakitale. Pakati pawo, kupanga haidrojeni kuchokera ku malasha ndi matani 21.34 miliyoni, zomwe ndi 63.5%. Kutsatiridwa ndi kupanga haidrojeni kuchokera ku mafakitale ndi gasi wachilengedwe, komwe kumapangidwa matani 7.08 miliyoni ndi matani 4.6 miliyoni motsatana. Kupanga haidrojeni pogwiritsa ntchito electrolysis yamadzi ndi kochepa, pafupifupi matani 500000.

Ngakhale kuti njira yopangira haidrojeni m'mafakitale yakula, unyolo wa mafakitale watha ndipo kugula kwake kuli kosavuta, kupereka mphamvu ya haidrojeni kukukumanabe ndi mavuto akulu. Mtengo wokwera wa zinthu zopangira komanso mtengo woyendera popanga haidrojeni kumapangitsa kuti mtengo womaliza wa haidrojeni ukhale wokwera. Kuti tipeze kutchuka kwakukulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa mphamvu ya haidrojeni, chofunikira kwambiri ndikudutsa malire a mtengo wokwera wa haidrojeni komanso mtengo woyendera. Pakati pa njira zomwe zilipo zopangira haidrojeni, mtengo wopangira haidrojeni m'malasha ndi wotsika, koma kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa m'mafakitale akuluakulu ndi kokwera. Mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu popanga haidrojeni pogwiritsa ntchito electrolysis yamadzi m'mafakitale akuluakulu ndi wokwera.

Ngakhale magetsi ali otsika, mtengo wopangira haidrojeni ndi woposa 20 yuan / kg. Mtengo wotsika komanso mpweya wochepa wa kaboni wopangidwa kuchokera ku mphamvu kusiya mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yopezera haidrojeni mtsogolo. Pakadali pano, ukadaulowu ukukhwima pang'onopang'ono, koma malo ogulira ndi kutali, mtengo woyendera ndi wokwera kwambiri, ndipo palibe njira yokwezera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a kapangidwe ka mtengo wa haidrojeni, 30 ~ 45% ya mtengo wa haidrojeni yamphamvu ndi mtengo woyendera ndi kudzaza haidrojeni. Ukadaulo woyendetsa haidrojeni womwe ulipo womwe umachokera ku haidrojeni yamphamvu kwambiri uli ndi kuchuluka kochepa koyendera galimoto imodzi, mtengo wotsika wachuma woyendera mtunda wautali, ndipo ukadaulo wosungira ndi mayendedwe olimba ndi haidrojeni yamadzimadzi sunakule. Kutumiza haidrojeni ya gasi kunja mu siteshoni yodzaza mafuta ya haidrojeni ndiyo njira yayikulu.

Mu ndondomeko ya kasamalidwe yomwe ilipo, haidrojeni ikadali m'gulu la kasamalidwe ka mankhwala oopsa. Kupanga haidrojeni m'mafakitale akuluakulu kuyenera kulowa m'malo opangira mankhwala. Kupanga haidrojeni m'mafakitale akuluakulu sikukugwirizana ndi kufunikira kwa haidrojeni pamagalimoto okhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitengo ya haidrojeni ikhale yokwera. Ukadaulo wophatikizana kwambiri wa kupanga haidrojeni ndi kudzaza mafuta ukufunika mwachangu kuti zinthu ziyende bwino. Mtengo wa kupanga haidrojeni m'magesi achilengedwe ndi wokwanira, womwe ungapangitse kuti pakhale kupezeka kwakukulu komanso kokhazikika. Chifukwa chake, m'madera omwe ali ndi gasi wachilengedwe wochuluka, malo opangira haidrojeni ophatikizana komanso odzaza mafuta ozikidwa pa gasi wachilengedwe ndi njira yotheka yopezera haidrojeni komanso njira yeniyeni yolimbikitsira malo opangira haidrojeni kuti achepetse mtengo ndikuthetsa vuto lovuta lodzaza mafuta m'madera ena. Pakadali pano, pali malo opangira haidrojeni ophatikizana pafupifupi 237 padziko lonse lapansi, omwe amapanga pafupifupi 1/3 ya malo onse opangira haidrojeni akunja. Pakati pawo, Japan, Europe, North America ndi madera ena amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri njira yogwirira ntchito yopanga haidrojeni ndi malo opangira mafuta m'malo opangira mafuta. Ponena za momwe zinthu zilili m'nyumba, Foshan, Weifang, Datong, Zhangjiakou ndi malo ena ayamba kufufuza njira yoyesera yomanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malo opangira ndi kudzaza mafuta a haidrojeni. Zingathe kunenedweratu kuti pambuyo pa kupita patsogolo kwa kayendetsedwe ka haidrojeni ndi mfundo ndi malamulo opangira haidrojeni, malo opangira ndi kudzaza mafuta a haidrojeni adzakhala chisankho chenicheni cha bizinesi ya malo opangira mafuta a haidrojeni.

Chidziwitso mu Zatsopano, Kutchuka ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ukadaulo Wopanga Hydrogen wa Ally Hi-Tech
Monga kampani yotsogola pakupanga haidrojeni ku China, Ally Hi-Tech yakhala ikuyang'ana kwambiri pa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha njira zatsopano zamagetsi ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba wopanga haidrojeni kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa kwa zaka zoposa 20. M'magawo aukadaulo wopangira haidrojeni wa gasi wachilengedwe, ukadaulo wopanga haidrojeni wa methanol, ukadaulo wopanga haidrojeni wamadzi otentha kwambiri, ukadaulo wopanga haidrojeni wa ammonia, ukadaulo wopanga haidrojeni waung'ono, chosinthira chachikulu cha monomer methanol, kupanga haidrojeni ndi njira yophatikizira hydrogen, ukadaulo woyeretsa haidrojeni wagalimoto, zinthu zambiri zachitika m'magawo aukadaulo apamwamba monga omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa.

Pitirizani kulimbikitsa luso lamakono pakupanga haidrojeni.
Ally Hi-Tech nthawi zonse imatenga kupanga kwa haidrojeni ngati maziko a bizinesi yake, ndipo ikupitilizabe kuchita zatsopano pakupanga kwa haidrojeni monga kusintha kwa methanol, kusintha kwa gasi lachilengedwe ndi kuyeretsa kwa haidrojeni motsatira PSA. Pakati pawo, seti imodzi ya zida zopangira haidrojeni zosinthira methanol zomwe zapangidwa payekha komanso zopangidwa ndi kampaniyo zili ndi mphamvu yopanga haidrojeni ya 20000 Nm³/h. Kupanikizika kwakukulu kumafika pa 3.3Mpa, kufika pamlingo wapamwamba wapadziko lonse lapansi, ndi zabwino zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, chitetezo ndi kudalirika, njira yosavuta, popanda kuyang'aniridwa ndi zina zotero; Kampaniyo yapanga chitukuko muukadaulo wopanga haidrojeni wokonzanso gasi lachilengedwe (njira ya SMR).

Ukadaulo wosintha kutentha wagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo mphamvu yopanga haidrojeni ya seti imodzi ya zida ndi 30000Nm³/h. Kupanikizika kwakukulu kumatha kufika 3.0MPa, mtengo wogulira ndalama umachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa gasi wachilengedwe kumachepetsedwa ndi 33%; Ponena za ukadaulo woyeretsa wa hydrogen womwe umayendetsedwa ndi pressure swing adsorption (PSA), kampaniyo yapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ukadaulo woyeretsa haidrojeni, ndipo mphamvu yopanga haidrojeni ya seti imodzi ya zida ndi 100000 Nm³/h. Kupanikizika kwakukulu ndi 5.0MPa. Ili ndi mawonekedwe a automation yapamwamba, ntchito yosavuta, malo abwino komanso moyo wautali. Yagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'munda wolekanitsa gasi m'mafakitale.

mvula (1)
Chithunzi 1: Zipangizo Zopangira H2 Zokhazikitsidwa ndi Ally Hi-Tech

Chisamaliro chinaperekedwa pakupanga ndi kukweza zinthu za hydrogen energy series.

Pamene ikuchita zatsopano pakupanga ukadaulo wa haidrojeni ndi chitukuko cha zinthu, Ally Hi-Tech imayang'ana kwambiri pakukulitsa chitukuko cha zinthu m'munda wa maselo amafuta a haidrojeni otsika, ikulimbikitsa kwambiri R & D ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma catalysts, adsorbents, ma valve owongolera, zida zazing'ono zopangira haidrojeni ndi makina amagetsi amafuta a nthawi yayitali, ndipo ikulimbikitsa mwamphamvu ukadaulo ndi zida zopangira haidrojeni ndi malo opangira hydrogen. Ponena za kukwezedwa kwa zinthu, ziyeneretso zaukadaulo za kapangidwe ka uinjiniya wa Ally Hi-Tech ndizokwanira. Yadzipereka kupereka zinthu ndi ntchito zothetsera mphamvu ya haidrojeni imodzi, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito pamsika wazinthu kumalimbikitsidwa mwachangu.

Kupita patsogolo kwachitika pakugwiritsa ntchito zida zopangira haidrojeni.

Pakadali pano, zida zopangira haidrojeni ndi zoyeretsera haidrojeni zoposa 620 zamangidwa ndi Ally Hi-Tech. Pakati pa izi, Ally Hi-Tech yalimbikitsa zida zopangira haidrojeni zoposa 300, zida zopangira haidrojeni zoposa gasi wachilengedwe zoposa 100 ndi zida zazikulu za PSA zoposa 130, ndipo yachita mapulojekiti angapo opanga haidrojeni m'mitu yadziko lonse.

Ally Hi-Tech yagwirizana ndi makampani otchuka m'dziko muno ndi kunja, monga Sinopec, PetroChina, Zhongtai Chemical, Plug Power Inc. America, Air Liquid France, Linde Germany, Praxair America, Iwatani Japan, BP ndi zina zotero. Ndi imodzi mwa makampani onse opereka chithandizo cha zida omwe ali ndi zida zambiri zopangira hydrogen zazing'ono komanso zapakatikati padziko lonse lapansi. Pakadali pano, zida zopangira hydrogen za Ally Hi-Tech zatumizidwa kumayiko ndi madera 16 monga United States, Japan, South Korea, India, Malaysia, Philippines, Pakistan, Myanmar, Thailand ndi South Africa. Mu 2019, zida zopangira hydrogen za gasi wachilengedwe za m'badwo wachitatu za Ally Hi-Tech zidatumizidwa ku American Plug Power Inc., yomwe idapangidwa ndikupangidwa motsatira miyezo ya ku America, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zida zopangira hydrogen za gasi wachilengedwe ku China zitumizidwe ku United States.

zinsinsi (2)
Chithunzi 2. Kupanga kwa haidrojeni ndi zida zophatikizika za hydrogenation zomwe zatumizidwa ndi Ally Hi-Tech ku United States

Kumanga gulu loyamba la malo opangira hydrogen ndi hydrogenation integrated.

Poganizira mavuto enieni a magwero osakhazikika komanso mitengo yokwera ya haidrojeni pa mphamvu, Ally High-Tech yadzipereka kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wophatikizana kwambiri wopanga haidrojeni, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira yopezera methanol yokhwima yomwe ilipo, netiweki ya mapaipi a gasi lachilengedwe, malo odzaza mafuta a CNG ndi LNG kuti amangenso ndikukulitsa malo opangira ndi kudzaza mafuta a haidrojeni. Mu Seputembala 2021, malo oyamba opangira haidrojeni ndi hydrogenation ya gasi lachilengedwe pansi pa mgwirizano wa Ally Hi-Tech adayikidwa pa siteshoni ya hydrogenation ya Foshan gas Nanzhuang.

Siteshoniyi yapangidwa ndi seti imodzi ya 1000kg / tsiku yopanga hydrogen yokonzanso gasi lachilengedwe ndi seti imodzi ya 100kg / tsiku yopanga hydrogen ya electrolysis yamadzi, yokhala ndi mphamvu ya hydrogenation yakunja ya 1000kg / tsiku. Ndi siteshoni yodziwika bwino ya hydrogenation yophatikizidwa ya "kupanga hydrogen + compression + storage + filling". Ikutsogolera kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wothandiza kusintha kutentha kwachilengedwe komanso woyeretsa co-directional mumakampani, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti hydrogen igwire bwino ntchito ndi 3% ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa hydrogen. Siteshoniyi ili ndi kuphatikiza kwakukulu, malo ang'onoang'ono pansi komanso zida zopangira hydrogen zophatikizika kwambiri.

Kupanga kwa haidrojeni mu siteshoni kumachepetsa maulalo oyendera haidrojeni ndi mtengo wosungira ndi mayendedwe a haidrojeni, zomwe zimachepetsa mwachindunji mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito haidrojeni. Siteshoniyi yasunga mawonekedwe akunja, omwe amatha kudzaza ma trailer aatali a chubu ndikugwira ntchito ngati siteshoni yayikulu yoperekera gwero la haidrojeni ku malo ozungulira a hydrogenation, ndikupanga siteshoni yolumikizidwa ya hydrogenation sub parent. Kuphatikiza apo, siteshoni yolumikizidwa iyi yopanga haidrojeni ndi hydrogenation ikhozanso kumangidwanso ndikukulitsidwa kutengera njira yogawa methanol yomwe ilipo, netiweki ya mapaipi a gasi lachilengedwe ndi malo ena, komanso malo opangira mafuta ndi malo odzaza mafuta a CNG & LNG, omwe ndi osavuta kuwalimbikitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito.

woyimba (3)
Chithunzi 3 Malo ophatikizira opangira haidrojeni ndi malo opangira haidrojeni ku Nanzhuang, Foshan, Guangdong

Amatsogolera mwachangu zatsopano zamakampani, kukwezedwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kusinthana kwa mayiko ndi mgwirizano.

Monga kampani yofunika kwambiri yaukadaulo wapamwamba wa Pulogalamu ya Torch ya dziko lonse, kampani yatsopano yowonetsera zachuma ku Sichuan Province komanso kampani yatsopano yapadera komanso yapadera ku Sichuan Province, Ally Hi-Tech ikutsogolera mwachangu zatsopano zamakampani ndikulimbikitsa kusinthana ndi mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi. Kuyambira mu 2005, Ally Hi-Tech yapereka ukadaulo wopanga hydrogen ndi zida m'mapulojekiti akuluakulu adziko lonse a 863 fuel cell - siteshoni yodzaza hydrogen ku Shanghai Anting, siteshoni yodzaza hydrogen ku Olimpiki ku Beijing ndi siteshoni yodzaza hydrogen ku Shanghai World Expo, ndipo yapereka mapulojekiti onse opangira hydrogen ku malo oyambira mlengalenga aku China ndi miyezo yapamwamba.

Monga membala wa Komiti Yadziko Lonse Yoyang'anira Mphamvu ya Hydrogen, Ally Hi-Tech yatenga nawo mbali pakupanga njira yoyendetsera mphamvu ya hydrogen kunyumba ndi kunja, yatsogolera kupanga muyezo umodzi wadziko lonse wa hydrogen, komanso yatenga nawo mbali pakupanga miyezo isanu ndi iwiri yadziko lonse ndi muyezo umodzi wapadziko lonse lapansi. Nthawi yomweyo, Ally Hi-Tech yalimbikitsa kwambiri kusinthana kwa mayiko ndi mgwirizano, yakhazikitsa Chengchuan Technology Co., Ltd. ku Japan, yapanga ukadaulo watsopano wopanga hydrogen, ukadaulo wopanga SOFC ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana nazo, ndipo yachita mgwirizano ndi makampani ku United States, Germany ndi Japan m'magawo a ukadaulo watsopano wopanga hydrogen pogwiritsa ntchito electrolysis water electrolysis ndi ukadaulo waung'ono wa ammonia. Ndi ma patent 45 ochokera ku China, United States ndi European Union, Ally Hi-Tech ndi kampani yodziwika bwino yochokera kuukadaulo komanso yotumiza kunja.

Malangizo a Ndondomeko
Malinga ndi kusanthula komwe kwatchulidwa pamwambapa, kutengera luso la ukadaulo wopanga haidrojeni, Ally Hi-Tech yapanga kupita patsogolo pakupanga zida zopangira haidrojeni, kukwezedwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zida zopangira haidrojeni, kumanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malo opangira haidrojeni ophatikizika ndi kudzaza mafuta, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupanga kwaukadaulo kodziyimira pawokha kwa mphamvu ya haidrojeni ku China komanso kuchepetsa mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya haidrojeni. Pofuna kuonetsetsa ndikuwongolera kupezeka kwa mphamvu ya haidrojeni, kufulumizitsa kumanga netiweki yotetezeka, yokhazikika komanso yogwira ntchito bwino yopereka mphamvu ya haidrojeni ndikumanga njira yoyera, yotsika mpweya komanso yotsika mtengo yopangira haidrojeni, China iyenera kulimbitsa luso la ukadaulo wopanga haidrojeni ndi chitukuko cha zinthu, kudutsa zoletsa za mfundo ndi malamulo, ndikulimbikitsa zida zatsopano ndi mitundu yomwe ili ndi kuthekera kwa msika kuyesa kaye. Mwa kukonza mfundo zothandizira ndikukonza malo opangira mafakitale, tidzathandiza makampani opanga mphamvu ya haidrojeni ku China kukhala ndi khalidwe labwino kwambiri ndikuchirikiza kwambiri kusintha kwa mphamvu kobiriwira.

Kukonza dongosolo la ndondomeko ya mafakitale a mphamvu ya haidrojeni.
Pakadali pano, "malo oyendetsera bwino ndi kuthandizira mfundo za makampani opanga mphamvu za hydrogen" aperekedwa, koma njira yeniyeni yopititsira patsogolo makampani opanga mphamvu za hydrogen sinatchulidwe. Pofuna kuthana ndi zopinga za mabungwe ndi zopinga za ndondomeko za chitukuko cha mafakitale, China iyenera kulimbitsa luso lamakono, kupanga malamulo abwino oyendetsera mphamvu za hydrogen, kufotokozera njira zoyendetsera ndi mabungwe oyang'anira kukonzekera, kusunga, mayendedwe ndi kudzaza, ndikukhazikitsa maudindo a dipatimenti yoyang'anira chitetezo. Tsatirani chitsanzo cha ntchito yowonetsera yomwe ikuyendetsa chitukuko cha mafakitale, ndikulimbikitsa kwathunthu chitukuko chowonetsera cha mphamvu za hydrogen mu mayendedwe, kusunga mphamvu, mphamvu zogawidwa ndi zina zotero.

Pangani njira yopezera mphamvu ya haidrojeni malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili m'deralo.
Maboma am'deralo ayenera kuganizira mokwanira mphamvu yopezera mphamvu ya haidrojeni, maziko a mafakitale ndi malo amsika m'derali, kutengera ubwino wa zinthu zomwe zilipo komanso zomwe zingatheke, kusankha njira zoyenera zopangira haidrojeni malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili m'deralo, kupanga njira yopezera mphamvu yopezera mphamvu ya haidrojeni, kuyika patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito haidrojeni yopangidwa ndi mafakitale, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri pakukula kwa kupanga haidrojeni kuchokera ku mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso. Limbikitsani madera oyenerera kuti agwirizane kudzera m'njira zingapo kuti apange njira yopezera mphamvu ya haidrojeni yotsika, yotetezeka, yokhazikika komanso yachuma kuti ikwaniritse kufunikira kwa magwero akuluakulu a haidrojeni.

Wonjezerani luso lamakono la zida zopangira haidrojeni.

Yang'anani kwambiri pakulimbikitsa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zofunika kwambiri pakuyeretsa haidrojeni ndi kupanga haidrojeni, ndikumanga njira yapamwamba kwambiri yopangira ukadaulo wazinthu zamagetsi a haidrojeni podalira mabizinesi opindulitsa mu unyolo wa mafakitale. Thandizani mabizinesi otsogola pantchito yopanga haidrojeni kuti atsogolere, kukhazikitsa nsanja zatsopano monga malo opangira zinthu zatsopano zamakampani, malo ofufuzira zauinjiniya, malo opangira zinthu zatsopano zaukadaulo ndi malo opangira zinthu zatsopano, kuthana ndi mavuto akuluakulu a zida zopangira haidrojeni, kuthandizira mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati "apadera komanso apadera" kuti achite nawo kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wamba wa zida zopangira haidrojeni, ndikukulitsa mabizinesi angapo amphamvu omwe ali ndi luso lodziyimira pawokha laukadaulo wapakati.

Limbikitsani chithandizo cha mfundo za malo ophatikizira kupanga haidrojeni ndi malo opangira haidrojeni.

Dongosololi likunena kuti kuti tifufuze mitundu yatsopano monga malo opangira haidrojeni kuphatikiza kupanga haidrojeni, kusungirako ndi hydrogenation mu siteshoni, tifunika kudutsa malire a mfundo zomangira malo opangira haidrojeni kuyambira pachiyambi. Yambitsani lamulo la dziko la mphamvu mwachangu momwe zingathere kuti mudziwe mphamvu ya haidrojeni kuchokera pamwamba. Pitani ku malamulo oletsa kumanga malo opangira haidrojeni, limbikitsani malo opangira haidrojeni ndi hydrogenation, ndikuchita chiwonetsero choyesera cha kumanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malo opangira haidrojeni m'madera otukuka bwino omwe ali ndi gasi wachilengedwe wambiri. Perekani ndalama zothandizira kumanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malo opangira haidrojeni omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira za miyezo yachuma komanso yotulutsa mpweya wa kaboni, thandizani mabizinesi otsogola oyenerera kuti apemphe mabizinesi "apadera komanso apadera" adziko lonse, ndikukweza zofunikira zaukadaulo ndi miyezo yachitetezo cha malo opangira haidrojeni ndi hydrogenation.

Chitani chiwonetsero ndi kukweza njira zatsopano zamabizinesi mwachangu.

Limbikitsani njira zatsopano zamabizinesi munjira yopanga haidrojeni yophatikizika m'malo operekera mphamvu, malo operekera mphamvu zonse zamafuta, haidrojeni ndi magetsi, komanso magwiridwe antchito ogwirizana a "haidrojeni, magalimoto ndi malo operekera mphamvu". M'madera omwe muli magalimoto ambiri okhala ndi ma cell amafuta komanso kupanikizika kwakukulu pakupereka haidrojeni, tidzafufuza malo ophatikizira opangira haidrojeni ndi haidrojeni kuchokera ku gasi lachilengedwe, ndikulimbikitsa madera omwe ali ndi mitengo yoyenera ya gasi lachilengedwe komanso magwiridwe antchito owonetsera magalimoto okhala ndi ma cell amafuta. M'madera omwe muli mphamvu zambiri zamphepo ndi madzi komanso momwe mphamvu ya haidrojeni imagwiritsidwira ntchito, pangani malo ophatikizana opangira haidrojeni ndi haidrojeni ndi mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso, pang'onopang'ono kukulitsa kukula kwa chiwonetsero, kupanga chidziwitso chobwerezabwereza komanso chodziwika bwino, ndikufulumizitsa kuchepetsa kaboni ndi ndalama za haidrojeni.

(Wolemba: gulu lofufuza zamakampani la Beijing Yiwei Zhiyuan Information Consulting Center)

Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-29-2022